Should You Use a Charitable Gift Annuity?

A Charitable Gift Annuity is a contract where an individual (called a donor) gives an irrevocable gift of value (cash or other asset) to a qualified charity and in return receives a charitable tax deduction. For this gift, the charity agrees to make a payment of a fixed amount of money to the donor(s) for the remainder of their lifetime. These annuity payments are not considered "income" and a portion of each payment is considered to be a partial tax-free return of the donor's gift, which is spread over the donor's lifetime. The gift becomes a part of the charity's assets and the payments are a general obligation of the charity. The annuity is not just backed by the value of the contribution, but is backed by the charity's entire asset base. When the donation is in the form of securities, the value is determined by the fair market value on the date of the gift.


Many states regulate charitable gift annuities and require the charity to provide the state with a published gift annuity rate chart of the maximum annuity rate the charity offers each donor (annuitant), listed by the actuarial age (age to nearest birthday) on the gift date. The charity can spend a portion of the contribution at any time, including immediately after receipt. However, the charity must maintain sufficient reserves (as required by state laws) and satisfy regulatory requirements of the state where the charitable gift annuity was issued.

Charitable Gift Annuity - Agreements Several types of charitable gift annuities are available, but not all states allow the use of each type. Most times the state requires the charity to submit each different type of agreement it prefers to offer for approval. A few of the types of gift annuities are:

Immediate Gift Annuities These annuities begin making periodic annuity payments at the end of the period (monthly, quarterly, annually, etc.) immediately following the contribution. The payment periods are defined in the agreement.

Deferred Gift Annuities This type of annuity is where the annuity payments begin at a future date chosen by the donor. The payments must begin more than one year after the date of the contribution.

Tuition Gift Annuities Usually these types of annuities are created by a parent or grandparent for a young child and the payments are deferred until the child is expected to enter college. The annuitant(s) then has the option of receiving annuity payments for his or her lifetime, or receive much larger payments for a term of four or five years, as defined in the agreement.

Flexible Gift Annuities The annuity payment starting date is chosen by the annuitant(s). The donor would choose an initial "target date" for the payments to start. The charity would then offer a range of payouts with differing fixed payment amounts and differing starting dates. Since the charitable deduction remains fixed, the annuity rate for each starting date would have to change. The payments would be lower if the starting date was earlier and higher if the starting date was later. Each annuitant would have to determine on an annual basis whether or not they wish the annuity payments to start that year.

Agreement Versions There are three versions of each type of agreement. They are:

"single life" agreement - annuity payments for the lifetime of the annuitant(s),

"two lives in succession" agreement - annuity payments for the annuitant's lifetime and then the same payment to a second person if he or she survives the annuitant, and "joint and survivor" agreement - annuity payments to a wife and a husband simultaneously, each getting half of the payment, and upon the death of one of the annuitants, pay the survivor the full annuity.

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